tư vấn hệ thống điện ô tô
2
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Hệ thống audio và video ô tô thì có nhiều hãng cũng khác nhau về nguyên lý nhưng em xin trích dẫn quá trình này từ cụ otosaigon
quyết định chọn bo mạch chủ của máy này, PII 366MHz, làm mát bằng không khí, không quạt nên không ồn ào
chộp lại cái sơ đồ đấu nối các đèn hiển thị để sau này làm cho dễ
các jack cắm đều có ký hiệu chức năng
đây là case nhỏ cắt uốn lại từ cái case lớn (100% hand made)
mặt kia
cận cảnh pentium II dán tem chống hàng giả
cận cảnh cái sound card và ổ cứng 13GB
đóng cái nắp case lại trông cũng đẹp trai ra phết, vì làm mát tự nhiên nên tôi để trống 2 bên. kích thước thùng máy được tối giản xuống còn khoảng 37x28x12 cm(dài x rộng x cao) trong ảnh là cục gạch nhà 40x40 cm
cái màn hình sờ (touch screen) 7 inch hiệu ex-audio có 1 ngõ vào vga, 2 video. giá khoảng 200$ (hơi chát [&:]) mua tại HK
còn đây thêm con chuột Genius trackball usb dự định sẽ lắp đằng sau vô lăng. giá 25$ mua tại VN sáng nay
để kế chìa khóa xe cho thấy size
Pentium II 333MHz, 128MB RAM, 13GB HDD chạy xp sp1 phe phé
cả hệ điều hành, các ứng dụng chiếm gần 2GB, còn 10GB đĩa trống cho mp3 cũng khá thoải mái cho nhu cầu nhạc ko nhiều và quãng đường ngắn.
đây là cả hệ thống, các bác chú ý, bộ nguồn đã được modify để gắn vào xe thay chỗ chiếc amply zin cho sub woofer ko dùng nữa
mặt tiền
Về phần mềm
như đã nói trên, tôi quyết định chọn pm Road Runner (RR) miễn phí từ mp3car.com, RR chạy nhanh, ổn định và có nhiều người dùng. RR làm giao diện tương tác giữa người lái và máy tính dễ dàng hơn rất nhiều. có rất nhiều skin được phát triển cho RR, cũng miễn phí hết. Tôi chọn cái skin này vì nó trông rất stock và dễ sữa đổi theo ý mình. cái logo chữ L nhờ vợ thiết kế dùm
Màn hình chính khi khởi động máy sẽ như thế này, gồm menu mở nhạc, phim, web, GPS...
màn hình phụ khi click vào chữ L, gồm radio, tv, điện thoại... muốn có các chức năng này đương nhiên phải mua thêm thiết bị tương ứng
sờ thử vào nhạc 1 cái
sẽ mở màn hình nghe nhạc mp3 ngay
đây là phần settings của RR, khá nhiều options như chỉnh độ sáng tối màn hình theo giờ (buổi tối phải giảm độ sáng màn hình cho khỏi chói mắt trong khi buổi sáng phải tăng sáng và tương phản lên). 1 chức năng kết hợp với GPS khá hay là tăng giảm âm lượng nhạc theo tốc độ xe, xe chạy nhanh sẽ tự động tăng âm lượng và giảm tương ứng khi chạy chậm lại
các lựa chọn GPS
quả chuột này dùng cũng khá tiện nếu bố trí gần vô lăng để ko phải chồm người tới sờ vào màn hình
Phụ kiện lắp đặt
vì tôi lắp CPU đằng sau cốp nên phải thêm khá nhiều phụ kiện
dây nối dài PS2 5 mét cho bàn phím trong trường hợp vô OS trong xe
USB hub Apacer 5 cổng
dây vga 5m
và đây là ổ DVD/CD RW của laptop, với card chuyển IDE thông thường
mặt trước ổ DVD
nguồn bài viết xem tại đây
Thuốc đặc trị cho cụ
If the air bag light stays on in your instrument cluster this usually indicates a problem somewhere in the air bag system. However, for some reason, if you remove the instrument cluster and turn on your car while the cluster is disconnected the air bag light will stay on. The repair manual calls this a "Code 41 - Malfunction stored in memory." Obviously this little light is really annoying; here's how to turn it off.
Parts/Supplies Needed:
- Wires
Here's a picture of the problem.
1) Connect two wires long enough to reach the ground/floor to terminal Tc and AB of the TDCL port. The TDCL port is located under the driver's side right above the parking brake. In this picture the blue wire is connected to terminal Tc and the red wire is connected to terminal AB.
2) Connect a wire long enough to reach the ground/floor to a grounded point on your car. I connected this green wire to the bolt that holds the driver's side courtesy switch on using an alligator clip. Just lift up the bottom section of the rubber cover to see it; sorry about the blurry pic.
3) Turn the ignition switch to ACC or ON and then wait at least 6 seconds.
4) Now you need to do what I call "the wire dance." You're going to alternate touching the ends of the Tc and AB wires to the ground wire. Let the ground wire lay on the floor then you can easily touch the Tc and AB wires against it.
Start by touching the end of the Tc wire to the ground wire for one second. After a second, instantly remove the Tc wire and replace it with the AB wire touching the ground wire for one second. Now instantly replace it with the Tc wire for the 3rd second, then instantly replace it with the AB wire for the fourth second. Finally, instantly replace the AB wire with the Tc wire and hold the Tc wire on the ground wire for several seconds. After several seconds the air bag light will blink fast in a 64msec cycle, this means code 41 has been cleared.
So if that didn't make sense here's the short version:
Tc + ground, AB + ground, Tc + ground, AB + ground, Tc + ground and hold.
Hints:
-This is all about timing. When touching the wires for one second you have a plus or minus 0.5 second margin of error (so you need to hold the wire 0.5 to 1.5 seconds); this means you don't need to be exact. What I did was count slowly "one one thousand," after that you instantly switch the Tc and AB wires.
-When I say instantly I mean instantly. You only have 0.2 seconds to switch the wires. So right after you remove one wire have the other wire touching. Instantly. If you don't switch the wires fast enough the air bag light will blink out a code 41. A code 41 is 4 slow blinks a little space and then a fifth blink. If you get the proper timing the air bag light blinks really fast and then the light goes out.
-If you don't get it keep trying. This procedure took me at least ten tries before I found the correct timing. You don't need to disconnect the wires from the port either, just try the wire dance again.
5) Once the code is cleared disconnect the wires and close up the TDCL port.
And it's gone!
)Ở đây em chỉ dịch tạm, các bác đừng chê nhaThuốc đặc trị cho cụ
Nếu đèn túi khí nằm trên cụm đồng hồ của bạn sáng lên, thường chỉ ra một vấn đề ở một nơi nào đó trong hệ thống túi khí. Tuy nhiên, đối với một số lý do, nếu bạn loại bỏ cụm đồng hồ và vận hành chiếc xe của bạn trong khi cụm dây bị ngắt,đèn túi khí sẽ không sáng nữa. Hướng dẫn sửa chữa điều này "Mã số 41 - sự cố được lưu trữ trong bộ nhớ."
Dụng cụ cần thiết:
+ Dây điện.
[/LIST]
Here's a picture of the problem.
1) Dùng 2 sợi dây điện đủ dài để nối từ chân Tc và AB của cổng chuẩn đoán đến mass (sườn xe).Cổng chuẩn đoán được đặt ở dưới bên phải vô lăng, phía trên phanh tay. Trong hình này dùng dây xanh dương kết nối với chân Tc và dây đỏ nối với dây AB.
2) Dùng sợi dây đủ dài để kết nối mass đến điểm mà bạn đang làm.
3) Bật công tắc máy và chờ 6 giây.
4) Bạn cần làm mà tôi gọi là “nhảy sợi dây”, làm luân phiên dây Tc và AB tiếp xúc với dây mass.
Bắt đầu cho tiếp xúc dây Tc với mass trong vòng 1 giây, sau đó 1 giây, ngay khi ngắt dây Tc, thay thế bằng dây AB tiếp xúc với mass trong vòng 1 giây. Bây giờ ngay khi thay thế dây AB bằng dây Tc trong 3 giây, sau đó ngay khi thay thế dây Tc bằng dây AB trong vòng 4 giây. Cuối cùng ngay khi thay thế dây AB bằng dây Tc và giữ dây Tc trong vòng vài dây. Sau vài giây đó đèn Air Bag sẽ ngáy với chu kỳ 64msec, điều này có nghĩa mã lỗi 41 đã được xóa.
Tc + ground, AB + ground, Tc + ground, AB + ground, Tc + ground and hold.
Gợi ý:
Trong khi cho tiếp xúc trong vòng 1 giây, bạn có biên độ cộng thêm hay trừ đi 0,5 giây, (cho tiếp xúc từ 0,5 đến 1,5 giây) có nghĩa là bạn ko cần làm chính xác, Tôi đã làm bằng cách đếm chậm “một một nghìn” sau đó chuyển đổi dây.
Bạn chỉ có 0,2 giây để chuyển đổi dây.
Mã lỗi 41 được thể hiện như sau đèn Air Bag nháy chậm 4 lần sau đó nháy nhanh 1 cái thứ 5. Khi bạn làm ko được thì chỉ cần nhảy dây lại, ko cần ngắt kết nối các dây.
5) Khi các mã lỗi được xóa thì ngắt kết nối và đóng cổng chuẩn đoán.
And it's gone!
How to Read & Clear Diagnostic Trouble Codes
1990-1994 Lexus LS400
Notes
Check engine light on? O/D OFF light blink periodicly? This tutorial will show you how to read the codes for the engine, transmission, airbag, ABS and TRAC systems and how to clear them. Checking for any codes is the first step is diagnosing problems and so everyone should know how to do this. It's simple and will only take you a few minutes. Please do not contact me regarding a specific code you have. The only thing I can tell you is to follow the diagnostic procedure in the repair manual, or you can search on the forums listed on the links page.
If you have a 1990-1994 LS then you have an OBDI system (On-board diagnostics I). This system is what I will cover here.
If you have a 1995 LS on up then you have an OBDII system. Reading codes from these systems requires you to use an OBDII code reader
. They typically run around $100. They're not cheap but they can provide many more codes and this makes diagnosis easier. All you need to do is plug the scan tool into the diagnostic port and it displays any codes.
Tools Needed:
1) In order to read the code the battery must be 11v or higher, throttle valve fully closed, transmission in neutral position, and AC turned off. For checking transmission codes the OD switch must in on (pushed in). Connect terminals Te1 and E1 by placing a short piece of wire in the TDCL diagnostic port under the steering wheel. You can also connect these terminals using the check connector located in the engine bay. For engine and transmission codes you place the jumper wire in Te1 and E1. For air bag codes, ABS and TRAC codes, you place the jumper wire in Tc and E1.
2) Turn the ignition switch on. The diagnostic code is read by counting the number of blinks on the appropriate light. For engine codes, you count the blinks on the check engine light. For transmission codes, you count the blinks on the "O/D OFF" light. For airbag codes, you count the blinks on the "airbag" light. For ABS codes, you count the blinks on the "ANTILOCK" light. For TRAC codes, you count the blinks on the "TRAC" light. The codes are all two digits, the first digit is output first, it will pause 1.5 seconds and then output the second digit outputs. Multiple codes can be output. In this case the lowest numbered code is output first followed by a 2.5 second pause between other higher numbered codes in increasing numerical order. Once all stored codes have been output there will be a 4.5 second pause and then the codes repeat. If there are no codes stored then the light will blink continuously, every .25 second. I know this sounds a little confusing but it's very simple once you do it or see an example yourself....
Click here to see a video of engine code 71 (2.5 MB), single code output.
Click here to see a video of transmission codes 63 & 67 (2.9 MB), multiple codes output.
3) Once repairs have been made, clear all stored codes by removing the 20 amp EFI fuse shown above for 10 seconds or more with the ignition switch off. You can also clear codes by removing the negative lead on the battery for the same amount of time, but you'll lose all your clock, radio, and memory settings. After you've cleared the codes go for a road test. If the codes reappear it means you haven't fixed the problem. Note: airbag code 41 cannot be cleared using this method, here's how to clear it. ABS & TRAC codes are cleared by keeping the jumper wire in Tc and E1 and then pressing the brake pedal 8 or more times within 3 seconds.
Engine OBDI Diagnostic Codes
The list below will tell you where the problem lies but will not go into diagnosis. Please consult your repair manual for in depth diagnosis, testing and troubleshooting.
12 - RPM signal no. 1
13 - RPM signal no. 2
14 - Ignition no. 1 signal
15 - Ignition no. 2 signal
16 - ECT control signal
17 - No. 1 cam position sensor signal
18 - No. 2 cam position sensor signal
21 - Main oxygen sensor signal (on left bank)
22 - Water temp sensor signal
24 - Intake air temp. sensor signal
25 - Air-fuel ratio lean malfunction
26 - Air-fuel ratio rich malfunction
27 - Sub-oxygen sensor signal (on left bank)
28 - Main oxygen sensor signal (on right bank)
29 - Sub-oxygen sensor signal (on right bank)
31 - Air flow meter signal
35 - HAC sensor signal
41 - Throttle position sensor signal
43 - Starter signal
47 - Sub-throttle position sensor signal
51 - Switch condition signal
52 - No. 1 knock sensor signal
53 - Knock control signal
55 - No. 2 knock sensor signal
71 - EGR system malfunction
Transmission OBDI Diagnostic Codes
42 - No. 1 speed sensor signal malfunction
46 - Open or short circuit in no. 4 solenoid valve
61 - No. 2 speed sensor signal malfunction
62 - Open or short circuit in no. 1 solenoid valve
63 - Open or short circuit in no. 2 solenoid valve
64 - Open or short circuit in no. 3 solenoid valve
67 - OD direct clutch speed sensor signal malfunction
68 - Short circuit in kick-down switch
Air Bag OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Short in squib circuit or front airbag sensor circuit (to ground)
12 - Short in squib circuit or front airbag sensor circuit (to +B)
13 - Short in squib circuit (between D+ wire harness and D- wire harness)
14 - Open in squib circuit
15 - Open in front airbag sensor sensor circuit
22 - Airbag warning light system
31 - Center airbag sensor assembly malfunction
41 - Malfunction stored in memory
ABS OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Open circuit in ABS solenoid relay circuit
12 - Short circuit in ABS solenoid relay circuit
13 - Open circuit in pump motor relay circuit
14 - Short circuit in pump motor relay circuit
21 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for front right wheel
22 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for front left wheel
23 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for rear right wheel
24 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for rear left wheel
31 - Front right wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
32 - Front left wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
33 - Rear right wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
34 - Rear left wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
35 - Open circuit in front left or rear right speed sensor circuit
36 - Open circuit in front right or rear left speed sensor circuit
37 - Faulty front speed sensor rotor
41 - Low battery voltage or abnormally high battery voltage
43 - Malfunction in TRAC control system
51 - Pump motor is locked, Open in pump motor ground
Always ON - Malfunction in ECU
TRAC OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Open in TRAC brake main relay circuit
12 - Short in TRAC brake main relay circuit
13 - Open in TRAC throttle relay circuit
14 - Short in TRAC throttle relay circuit
15 - Electric supply to TRAC motor for a long time (fluid leakage)
16 - Open circuit in pressure switch circuit
17 - Pressure switch remains OFF
19 - TRAC motor ON and OFF operation is higher than a predetermined number of times (accumulator pressure leakage)
21 - Open or short in master cylinder cut solenoid valve circuit
22 - Open or short in accumulator cut solenoid valve circuit
23 - Open or short in reservoir cut solenoid valve circuit
24 - Open or short in sub-throttle actuator circuit
25 - Step motor does not move to a position decided by ECU
26 - Sub-throttle valve does not move even when the sub-throttle valve is controlled to fully open position by ECU
27 - When power supply to step motor is stopped, sub-throttle valve does not reach its fully-open position
44 - During TRAC control, NE signals are not input to the ECU
45 - When idle switch is ON, main throttle position sensor signal is 1.5V or higher
46 - Main throttle position sensor signal is 4.3V or higher, or main throttle position sensor signal is 0.2V or lower when idle switch is OFF
47 - When idle switch is ON, sub-throttle position sensor signal is 1.45V or higher
48 - Sub-throttle position sensor signal is 4.3V or higher, or sub-throttle position sensor signal is 0.2V or lower when idle switch is OFF
49 - Open or short in engine communication circuit
51 - Problem in engine control system
52 - Brake fluid level warning switch ON
54 - Open in TRAC motor relay circuit
55 - Short in TRAC motor relay circuit
56 - TRAC pump motor locked
Always ON - Malfunction in ECU
1990-1994 Lexus LS400
By LexLS.com
Before doing anything read my disclaimer & safety info.
Notes
Check engine light on? O/D OFF light blink periodicly? This tutorial will show you how to read the codes for the engine, transmission, airbag, ABS and TRAC systems and how to clear them. Checking for any codes is the first step is diagnosing problems and so everyone should know how to do this. It's simple and will only take you a few minutes. Please do not contact me regarding a specific code you have. The only thing I can tell you is to follow the diagnostic procedure in the repair manual, or you can search on the forums listed on the links page.
If you have a 1990-1994 LS then you have an OBDI system (On-board diagnostics I). This system is what I will cover here.
If you have a 1995 LS on up then you have an OBDII system. Reading codes from these systems requires you to use an OBDII code reader
Tools Needed:
- Short piece of wire (90-94 LS's)
- OBDII code reader
(95+ LS's)
2) Turn the ignition switch on. The diagnostic code is read by counting the number of blinks on the appropriate light. For engine codes, you count the blinks on the check engine light. For transmission codes, you count the blinks on the "O/D OFF" light. For airbag codes, you count the blinks on the "airbag" light. For ABS codes, you count the blinks on the "ANTILOCK" light. For TRAC codes, you count the blinks on the "TRAC" light. The codes are all two digits, the first digit is output first, it will pause 1.5 seconds and then output the second digit outputs. Multiple codes can be output. In this case the lowest numbered code is output first followed by a 2.5 second pause between other higher numbered codes in increasing numerical order. Once all stored codes have been output there will be a 4.5 second pause and then the codes repeat. If there are no codes stored then the light will blink continuously, every .25 second. I know this sounds a little confusing but it's very simple once you do it or see an example yourself....
Click here to see a video of engine code 71 (2.5 MB), single code output.
Click here to see a video of transmission codes 63 & 67 (2.9 MB), multiple codes output.
Engine OBDI Diagnostic Codes
The list below will tell you where the problem lies but will not go into diagnosis. Please consult your repair manual for in depth diagnosis, testing and troubleshooting.
12 - RPM signal no. 1
13 - RPM signal no. 2
14 - Ignition no. 1 signal
15 - Ignition no. 2 signal
16 - ECT control signal
17 - No. 1 cam position sensor signal
18 - No. 2 cam position sensor signal
21 - Main oxygen sensor signal (on left bank)
22 - Water temp sensor signal
24 - Intake air temp. sensor signal
25 - Air-fuel ratio lean malfunction
26 - Air-fuel ratio rich malfunction
27 - Sub-oxygen sensor signal (on left bank)
28 - Main oxygen sensor signal (on right bank)
29 - Sub-oxygen sensor signal (on right bank)
31 - Air flow meter signal
35 - HAC sensor signal
41 - Throttle position sensor signal
43 - Starter signal
47 - Sub-throttle position sensor signal
51 - Switch condition signal
52 - No. 1 knock sensor signal
53 - Knock control signal
55 - No. 2 knock sensor signal
71 - EGR system malfunction
Transmission OBDI Diagnostic Codes
42 - No. 1 speed sensor signal malfunction
46 - Open or short circuit in no. 4 solenoid valve
61 - No. 2 speed sensor signal malfunction
62 - Open or short circuit in no. 1 solenoid valve
63 - Open or short circuit in no. 2 solenoid valve
64 - Open or short circuit in no. 3 solenoid valve
67 - OD direct clutch speed sensor signal malfunction
68 - Short circuit in kick-down switch
Air Bag OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Short in squib circuit or front airbag sensor circuit (to ground)
12 - Short in squib circuit or front airbag sensor circuit (to +B)
13 - Short in squib circuit (between D+ wire harness and D- wire harness)
14 - Open in squib circuit
15 - Open in front airbag sensor sensor circuit
22 - Airbag warning light system
31 - Center airbag sensor assembly malfunction
41 - Malfunction stored in memory
ABS OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Open circuit in ABS solenoid relay circuit
12 - Short circuit in ABS solenoid relay circuit
13 - Open circuit in pump motor relay circuit
14 - Short circuit in pump motor relay circuit
21 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for front right wheel
22 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for front left wheel
23 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for rear right wheel
24 - Open or short circuit in 3-position solenoid circuit for rear left wheel
31 - Front right wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
32 - Front left wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
33 - Rear right wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
34 - Rear left wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
35 - Open circuit in front left or rear right speed sensor circuit
36 - Open circuit in front right or rear left speed sensor circuit
37 - Faulty front speed sensor rotor
41 - Low battery voltage or abnormally high battery voltage
43 - Malfunction in TRAC control system
51 - Pump motor is locked, Open in pump motor ground
Always ON - Malfunction in ECU
TRAC OBDI Diagnostic Codes
11 - Open in TRAC brake main relay circuit
12 - Short in TRAC brake main relay circuit
13 - Open in TRAC throttle relay circuit
14 - Short in TRAC throttle relay circuit
15 - Electric supply to TRAC motor for a long time (fluid leakage)
16 - Open circuit in pressure switch circuit
17 - Pressure switch remains OFF
19 - TRAC motor ON and OFF operation is higher than a predetermined number of times (accumulator pressure leakage)
21 - Open or short in master cylinder cut solenoid valve circuit
22 - Open or short in accumulator cut solenoid valve circuit
23 - Open or short in reservoir cut solenoid valve circuit
24 - Open or short in sub-throttle actuator circuit
25 - Step motor does not move to a position decided by ECU
26 - Sub-throttle valve does not move even when the sub-throttle valve is controlled to fully open position by ECU
27 - When power supply to step motor is stopped, sub-throttle valve does not reach its fully-open position
44 - During TRAC control, NE signals are not input to the ECU
45 - When idle switch is ON, main throttle position sensor signal is 1.5V or higher
46 - Main throttle position sensor signal is 4.3V or higher, or main throttle position sensor signal is 0.2V or lower when idle switch is OFF
47 - When idle switch is ON, sub-throttle position sensor signal is 1.45V or higher
48 - Sub-throttle position sensor signal is 4.3V or higher, or sub-throttle position sensor signal is 0.2V or lower when idle switch is OFF
49 - Open or short in engine communication circuit
51 - Problem in engine control system
52 - Brake fluid level warning switch ON
54 - Open in TRAC motor relay circuit
55 - Short in TRAC motor relay circuit
56 - TRAC pump motor locked
Always ON - Malfunction in ECU
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